North East Physical Geography with Solved Questions:-
1. Which mountain range separates the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau?
A. Eastern Himalayas
B. Western Ghats
C. Arakan Range
D. Karakoram
Answer: A. Eastern Himalayas
Explanation: The Eastern Himalayas serve as a natural boundary between the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau. States like Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and parts of Assam are nestled in these mountains.
2. What is the largest river island in the world?
A. Majuli
B. Andaman
C. Lakshadweep
D. Nicobar
Answer: A. Majuli
Explanation: Majuli in Assam is the largest river island in the world. It is located in the Brahmaputra River and is a hotspot for Assamese culture and biodiversity.
3. Which state in North-East India is known as the ‘Land of the Dawn-lit Mountains’?
A. Manipur
B. Tripura
C. Meghalaya
D. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: D. Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh is often referred to as the ‘Land of the Dawn-lit Mountains’. It’s one of the first places in India where the sun rises.
4. Which plateau is considered the ‘food bowl’ of Mizoram?
A. Shillong Plateau
B. Cherrapunji Plateau
C. Barak Valley
D. Champhai Plateau
Answer: D. Champhai Plateau
Explanation: The Champhai Plateau in Mizoram is known as the ‘food bowl’ due to its fertile soil, suitable for various agricultural activities.
5. What are the Khasi and Jaintia Hills primarily known for?
A. Highest peak in Northeast
B. Wettest places on Earth
C. Most extensive cave systems
D. Both B and C
Answer: D. Both B and C
Explanation: The Khasi and Jaintia Hills are home to some of the wettest places on Earth, like Cherrapunji and Mawsynram. They are also renowned for their extensive cave systems.
6. Which river flows through all the main states of North-East India?
A. Teesta
B. Barak
C. Brahmaputra
D. Imphal
Answer: C. Brahmaputra
Explanation: The Brahmaputra River is a major river that flows through Assam and Arunachal Pradesh and affects the hydrology of other North-East states as well.
7. Which North-East state shares the longest international border?
A. Assam
B. Tripura
C. Arunachal Pradesh
D. Nagaland
Answer: C. Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh shares the longest international border among the North-East states, particularly with China and Myanmar.
8. Which of the following is the largest lake in North-East India?
A. Loktak Lake
B. Chilika Lake
C. Sambhar Lake
D. Dal Lake
Answer: A. Loktak Lake
Explanation: Loktak Lake, located in Manipur, is the largest freshwater lake in North-East India. It’s famous for its floating phumdis (a mass of vegetation, soil, and organic matter).
9. What type of forest is predominantly found in Meghalaya?
A. Mangrove Forest
B. Subtropical Pine Forest
C. Deciduous Forest
D. Tropical Rainforest
Answer: B. Subtropical Pine Forest
Explanation: Subtropical pine forests are predominantly found in Meghalaya. These forests are an important part of the state’s ecology and economy.
10. Which state is home to the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve?
A. Sikkim
B. Assam
C. Meghalaya
D. Mizoram
Answer: C. Meghalaya
Explanation: Nokrek Biosphere Reserve is located in Meghalaya. It’s a hotspot for biodiversity and conservation efforts.
11. The Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is primarily known for which endangered species?
A. Bengal Tiger
B. One-horned Rhinoceros
C. Snow Leopard
D. Hoolock Gibbon
Answer: B. One-horned Rhinoceros
Explanation: The Dibru-Saikhowa National Park in Assam is primarily known for its population of the endangered one-horned rhinoceros.
12. Which river is famously known as the “River of Sorrow” in Assam?
A. Barak
B. Subansiri
C. Dhansiri
D. Kosi
Answer: C. Dhansiri
Explanation: The Dhansiri River is often called the “River of Sorrow” in Assam due to its tendency to flood and cause widespread destruction.
13. Which of the following passes connects India and Myanmar?
A. Shipki La
B. Nathu La
C. Pangsau Pass
D. Khardung La
Answer: C. Pangsau Pass
Explanation: The Pangsau Pass, located on the India-Myanmar border, serves as a gateway between the two countries. It’s in Arunachal Pradesh and connects India to Myanmar.
14. What is the local term for the shifting cultivation commonly practiced in the North-East?
A. Kheti
B. Jhum
C. Rabi
D. Zaid
Answer: B. Jhum
Explanation: Jhum is the local term for the shifting cultivation commonly practiced in various states of North-East India. This method involves clearing a piece of land by slashing the vegetation and burning it thereafter.
15. What type of soil is predominantly found in the Barak Valley of Assam?
A. Red soil
B. Alluvial soil
C. Black soil
D. Laterite soil
Answer: B. Alluvial soil
Explanation: The Barak Valley primarily has alluvial soil, making it extremely fertile and suitable for agriculture.
16. The Garo-Khasi-Jaintia range primarily belongs to which state?
A. Nagaland
B. Tripura
C. Mizoram
D. Meghalaya
Answer: D. Meghalaya
Explanation: The Garo-Khasi-Jaintia range is predominantly located in the state of Meghalaya. These hills are an extension of the Indian Peninsula and are rich in flora and fauna.
17. Which of the following rivers is NOT part of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta?
A. Teesta
B. Karnaphuli
C. Jaldhaka
D. Indus
Answer: D. Indus
Explanation: The Indus River is not part of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta. It has its own delta system and flows mainly through Pakistan.
18. Which state in North-East India is known as the ‘Orchid State of India’?
A. Sikkim
B. Arunachal Pradesh
C. Manipur
D. Assam
Answer: B. Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh is often referred to as the ‘Orchid State of India’ due to the vast variety of orchids found in its forests.
19. Which of the following wildlife sanctuaries is located in Sikkim?
A. Kaziranga
B. Kyongnosla
C. Manas
D. Dibru-Saikhowa
Answer: B. Kyongnosla
Explanation: Kyongnosla Alpine Sanctuary is located in the eastern part of Sikkim. This sanctuary is particularly rich in flora and fauna endemic to the region.
20. What is Tripura mainly famous for?
A. Rubber Plantations
B. Tea Gardens
C. Bamboo Forests
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Explanation: Tripura is famous for its rubber plantations, tea gardens, and extensive bamboo forests. These are key contributors to the state’s economy and ecology.
21. Which state has the highest literacy rate in North-East India?
A. Nagaland
B. Mizoram
C. Tripura
D. Sikkim
Answer: B. Mizoram
Explanation: Mizoram boasts the highest literacy rate among the North-East states. Education has been a focus in the state, resulting in high literacy levels.
22. Where is the largest monastery in India located?
A. Ladakh
B. Himachal Pradesh
C. Sikkim
D. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: D. Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: The Tawang Monastery in Arunachal Pradesh is the largest monastery in India. It is an important center for Buddhism and a major tourist attraction.
23. What is the state tree of Manipur?
A. Banyan
B. Sal
C. Deodar
D. Uningthou
Answer: D. Uningthou
Explanation: Uningthou (Phoebe hainesiana) is the state tree of Manipur. It has cultural and ecological significance in the region.
24. Which river forms a natural boundary between India and Bangladesh?
A. Teesta
B. Jaldhaka
C. Manas
D. Feni
Answer: D. Feni
Explanation: The Feni River forms a natural boundary between India (Tripura) and Bangladesh, and is an important river for both countries.
25. Which is the only state in North-East India with no railway line?
A. Sikkim
B. Mizoram
C. Arunachal Pradesh
D. Manipur
Answer: A. Sikkim
Explanation: As of my last update in September 2021, Sikkim is the only state in North-East India without a railway line, although plans are underway to change this in the future.
26. Which North-Eastern state is known as the ‘Land of the Dawn-Lit Mountains’?
A. Assam
B. Meghalaya
C. Nagaland
D. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: D. Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh is famously known as the ‘Land of the Dawn-Lit Mountains’ due to its eastern location and beautiful sunrise vistas over the mountains.
27. Which is the longest cave in India, located in Meghalaya?
A. Belum Caves
B. Borra Caves
C. Krem Liat Prah
D. Krem Dam
Answer: C. Krem Liat Prah
Explanation: Krem Liat Prah in Meghalaya is the longest cave in India. It’s a natural wonder that has captivated explorers and tourists alike.
28. Which National Park in North-East India is known for its orange orchards?
A. Namdapha National Park
B. Manas National Park
C. Orang National Park
D. Nameri National Park
Answer: C. Orang National Park
Explanation: Orang National Park, located in Assam, is famous for its lush orange orchards. The park is also known for its diverse wildlife.
29. Which of the following rivers originates in Tibet and flows through Arunachal Pradesh?
A. Subansiri
B. Teesta
C. Lohit
D. Dibang
Answer: C. Lohit
Explanation: The Lohit River originates in Tibet and flows through Arunachal Pradesh. It’s one of the key tributaries of the Brahmaputra River.
30. The famous Hornbill Festival is celebrated in which state?
A. Nagaland
B. Mizoram
C. Manipur
D. Tripura
Answer: A. Nagaland
Explanation: The Hornbill Festival is a cultural extravaganza celebrated in Nagaland. The festival showcases the rich traditions and lifestyles of the Naga tribes.
31. Which state in Northeast India is known as the “Land of Blue Mountains”?
- A) Assam
- B) Meghalaya
- C) Mizoram
- D) Tripura
Answer: C) Mizoram
Explanation: Mizoram is often called the “Land of Blue Mountains” because it is home to the Mizo Hills. These hills have a blueish tint, giving the state its poetic nickname.
32.Which river is the largest in Northeast India?
-
- A) Manas
- B) Dihang
- C) Brahmaputra
- D) Kopili
Answer: C) Brahmaputra
Explanation: The Brahmaputra River is the largest in Northeast India. It’s a major river that flows through Assam and is crucial for agriculture, transportation, and fishing.
33. Which plateau is an extension of the Meghalaya plateau?
-
- A) Shillong Plateau
- B) Khasi Hills
- C) Deccan Plateau
- D) Malwa Plateau
Answer: A) Shillong Plateau
Explanation: The Shillong Plateau is an extension of the Meghalaya plateau. It is known for its beautiful landscapes and forms the base for the Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo Hills.
34. Which state is known for the wettest place on Earth, Mawsynram?
-
- A) Assam
- B) Meghalaya
- C) Nagaland
- D) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: B) Meghalaya
Explanation: Meghalaya is home to Mawsynram, considered the wettest place on Earth due to its extreme annual rainfall.
35. Which national park is famous for the one-horned rhinoceros?
-
- A) Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
- B) Manas National Park
- C) Kaziranga National Park
- D) Namdapha National Park
Answer: C) Kaziranga National Park
Explanation: Kaziranga National Park in Assam is world-famous for its one-horned rhinoceros population. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist attraction.
36.Which state in Northeast India is landlocked and shares its borders with China, Myanmar, and Bhutan?
- A) Mizoram
- B) Sikkim
- C) Arunachal Pradesh
- D) Nagaland
Answer: C) Arunachal Pradesh
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh is the state that is landlocked and shares its borders with China, Myanmar, and Bhutan. This unique geographical position makes it strategically important for India.
37. Which is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India?
-
- A) Vembanad Lake
- B) Chilika Lake
- C) Loktak Lake
- D) Dal Lake
Answer: C) Loktak Lake
Explanation: Loktak Lake, located in Manipur, is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India. It’s famous for its unique “phumdis,” or floating islands, and its rich biodiversity.
38. What is the highest peak in Northeast India?
-
- A) Nanda Devi
- B) Kangchenjunga
- C) Mount Everest
- D) Anamudi
Answer: B) Kangchenjunga
Explanation: Kangchenjunga is the highest peak in Northeast India. It’s the third highest mountain in the world and lies on the border between India and Nepal. The Indian state closest to it is Sikkim.
39. Which forest in Northeast India is a hotspot for biodiversity?
-
- A) Sundarbans
- B) Dandeli
- C) Dehing Patkai
- D) Simlipal
Answer: C) Dehing Patkai
Explanation: Dehing Patkai, located in Assam, is often called the “Amazon of the East.” This forest is a hotspot for biodiversity, home to a variety of plants, animals, and bird species.
40. Which state in Northeast India is famous for its tea gardens?
-
- A) Meghalaya
- B) Assam
- C) Tripura
- D) Nagaland
Answer: B) Assam
Explanation: Assam is famous for its extensive tea gardens. The state produces some of the finest teas in the world, known for their strong flavor and aroma.
41. Which waterfall in Meghalaya is one of the tallest plunge waterfalls in India?
-
- A) Athirappilly Falls
- B) Nohkalikai Falls
- C) Jog Falls
- D) Dudhsagar Falls
Answer: B) Nohkalikai Falls
Explanation: Nohkalikai Falls in Meghalaya is one of the tallest plunge waterfalls in India. It is a stunning sight to see, especially during the monsoon season when the water volume is at its highest.
42. Which river in Arunachal Pradesh is known as the Siang River?
-
- A) Yamuna
- B) Subansiri
- C) Brahmaputra
- D) Ganges
Answer: C) Brahmaputra
Explanation: In Arunachal Pradesh, the Brahmaputra River is known as the Siang River. It’s a major river in the region and plays a crucial role in the local ecology and economy.
43. Which state in Northeast India is known for its oranges?
-
- A) Manipur
- B) Mizoram
- C) Nagaland
- D) Tripura
Answer: A) Manipur
Explanation: Manipur is known for its delicious oranges. The state’s unique soil and climatic conditions make it ideal for orange cultivation.
44. What is the primary type of forest found in Northeast India?
-
- A) Deciduous Forests
- B) Coniferous Forests
- C) Mangrove Forests
- D) Tropical Rainforests
Answer: D) Tropical Rainforests
Explanation: Tropical Rainforests are the primary type of forests found in Northeast India. These forests are rich in biodiversity and are vital for the ecological balance of the region.
45. Which wildlife sanctuary in Assam is famous for its population of Hoolock Gibbons?
-
- A) Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
- B) Manas National Park
- C) Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary
- D) Namdapha National Park
Answer: C) Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary
Explanation: The Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary in Assam is famous for its Hoolock Gibbons. This sanctuary is one of the few places where you can see these fascinating primates in their natural habitat.
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